I was with some friends this weekend and one asked me "What is a discount broker?"
As I often encourage you to invest your money to help it grow, this might be a good time to explain the difference.
A full service broker is a firm like Merrill Lynch or Morgan Stanley. Here you will find a "broker" or sales person who may be called a Financial Advisor, Wealth Management Advisor or Retirement Specialist.
These large, full service firms will give you financial advice, help determine your financial goals and your risk tolerance. They typically have large research departments or purchase outside research on various companies' stocks and bonds. They use this research to recommend to their clients a mixture of investments (asset allocation) and will direct the buying and selling of these investments - usually for a substantial commission.
The commission charged is based on the price of the stock times the number of shares. The cost to buy or sell could be hundreds of dollars. This is how they get paid.
(Remember:
"What's this going to cost me? How do you get paid?" from a previous $ Tip.)
A discount broker is a firm with many of the same functions as above but without as many services. They will offer "canned" research, something anyone can find online. They will not call you recommending investments nor will they take pains to get to know you.
These firms are more "do it yourself". They assume you know what you are doing. They will take your order to buy or to sell and they will not offer comment.
Actually, the greater discount on buying and selling is when you talk to no one and enter the trade online. (A trade is a buy or a sell.)
There is one discount brokerage that charges $5 per trade for almost any size trade (50, 100, 1000 shares). Others may charge $7.50, $10 or $20 per trade. Scottrade, eTrade, Ameritrade are some discount brokerage firms.
Be $ Smart - know what type of brokerage firm is best for you to build wealth and financial security.
Showing posts with label brokerage accounts. Show all posts
Showing posts with label brokerage accounts. Show all posts
Saturday, November 1, 2014
Friday, September 12, 2014
Dual Purpose - Roth IRA
Saving for retirement can be tough while you are trying to build an emergency fund, pay off student loans, car loans and other expenses. But we all know the importance of saving early. The earlier you start saving for retirement, the faster your money will compound and grow.
Here is where a Roth IRA (Individual Retirement Account) can serve two functions. The principal (original money invested) may be withdrawn without penalty and taxes at any time making that money available for emergencies. (It's the earnings - dividends and interest - that would be subject to taxes and penalty if you are under 59 1/2.)
Aim for three months emergency fund in a savings account and three months in your Roth.
How to open a Roth IRA:
You may open an IRA at a bank, credit union, brokerage house (e.g. Fidelity, Vanguard, Merrill Lynch) in person or online.
Questions to ask:
- What is the minimum investment?
- What fees are charged for the account and for transactions?
- What investments are available? Stocks? Bonds? Mutual funds? Exchange Traded Funds (ETF's)?
- How may I arrange for monthly automatic transfer from my savings or checking account?
Your biggest stumbling block may be the required initial deposit. Some firms require only $500 where others $1000 or $3000. Subsequent investments may be as little as $25 or $50. If you are expecting a bonus or a tax return, it may be a good use of that money. Otherwise, keep the emergency money building in your savings account until you reach the required minimum amount then open the Roth.
Using the Roth as part of your emergency fund means taking NO big risks with the money. Choose a very conservative investment for the emergency portion. As your balance grows, start to invest the difference more aggressively.
Keep in mind a Roth IRA is not for everyone. Only those individuals with earned income may contribute. And individuals earning under $112,000 and couples under $178,000 may contribute $5500 (if over 50, $6500). Remember it's not all or nothing. If you cannot contribute the max, contribute some amount.
Be $ smart - use the flexibility of a Roth IRA to your advantage in building your emergency fund.
Here is where a Roth IRA (Individual Retirement Account) can serve two functions. The principal (original money invested) may be withdrawn without penalty and taxes at any time making that money available for emergencies. (It's the earnings - dividends and interest - that would be subject to taxes and penalty if you are under 59 1/2.)
Aim for three months emergency fund in a savings account and three months in your Roth.
How to open a Roth IRA:
You may open an IRA at a bank, credit union, brokerage house (e.g. Fidelity, Vanguard, Merrill Lynch) in person or online.
Questions to ask:
- What is the minimum investment?
- What fees are charged for the account and for transactions?
- What investments are available? Stocks? Bonds? Mutual funds? Exchange Traded Funds (ETF's)?
- How may I arrange for monthly automatic transfer from my savings or checking account?
Your biggest stumbling block may be the required initial deposit. Some firms require only $500 where others $1000 or $3000. Subsequent investments may be as little as $25 or $50. If you are expecting a bonus or a tax return, it may be a good use of that money. Otherwise, keep the emergency money building in your savings account until you reach the required minimum amount then open the Roth.
Using the Roth as part of your emergency fund means taking NO big risks with the money. Choose a very conservative investment for the emergency portion. As your balance grows, start to invest the difference more aggressively.
Keep in mind a Roth IRA is not for everyone. Only those individuals with earned income may contribute. And individuals earning under $112,000 and couples under $178,000 may contribute $5500 (if over 50, $6500). Remember it's not all or nothing. If you cannot contribute the max, contribute some amount.
Be $ smart - use the flexibility of a Roth IRA to your advantage in building your emergency fund.
Wednesday, June 4, 2014
Taxable - Tax-exempt - Tax-deferred - Tax-free
Clients often ask me to explain the differences among their various accounts. Taxes play an important role in how you invest and how much money you will be able to keep after paying taxes.
The following are simple explanations. For expert tax guidance please speak with your accountant or tax attorney.
Taxable: an account that holds money on which you have already paid taxes - e.g. bank checking or savings accounts or brokerage accounts. These accounts may have stocks, bonds, CD's, etc. Every year you receive a 1099 of all reportable earnings, dividends and interest. You enter these numbers on your tax return and pay taxes accordingly.
Tax-exempt: refers to bonds (loans) issued by municipalities (states, cities, towns, counties). These bonds are exempt from federal taxes. As an incentive to its residents to buy these bonds, which finance local projects, you pay no state taxes on the interest. As a NY resident, if you purchase a NY State bond, it will be double tax exempt as you will pay no state or federal taxes on the interest. However, NY reserves the right to tax the interest earned on other states' bonds.
Tax-deferred: means you pay no taxes now but when you withdraw the money both state and federal taxes are due. IRA, SEP, 401k, 403b all grow tax-deferred. Your 401k or 403b plan from work will take money from your paycheck before deducting taxes, deposit the money into your plan where it will grow tax-deferred (you will not receive a 1099 each year). Taxes will be paid when you start withdrawing money from these accounts later in retirement. The money will be taxed, as your income is taxed, both by the state and the federal government. Hopefully, in retirement you will be in a lower tax bracket and, consequently, pay less in taxes.
Tax-free: refers to a Roth IRA where money grows without paying taxes each year and is distributed without being taxed. Actually, the money contributed to most Roth IRA's is money on which you have already paid taxes; it is the earnings (growth) that are tax-free.
Be $ smart. Know your tax rate. Learn about the impact of taxes on your investments.
The following are simple explanations. For expert tax guidance please speak with your accountant or tax attorney.
Taxable: an account that holds money on which you have already paid taxes - e.g. bank checking or savings accounts or brokerage accounts. These accounts may have stocks, bonds, CD's, etc. Every year you receive a 1099 of all reportable earnings, dividends and interest. You enter these numbers on your tax return and pay taxes accordingly.
Tax-exempt: refers to bonds (loans) issued by municipalities (states, cities, towns, counties). These bonds are exempt from federal taxes. As an incentive to its residents to buy these bonds, which finance local projects, you pay no state taxes on the interest. As a NY resident, if you purchase a NY State bond, it will be double tax exempt as you will pay no state or federal taxes on the interest. However, NY reserves the right to tax the interest earned on other states' bonds.
Tax-deferred: means you pay no taxes now but when you withdraw the money both state and federal taxes are due. IRA, SEP, 401k, 403b all grow tax-deferred. Your 401k or 403b plan from work will take money from your paycheck before deducting taxes, deposit the money into your plan where it will grow tax-deferred (you will not receive a 1099 each year). Taxes will be paid when you start withdrawing money from these accounts later in retirement. The money will be taxed, as your income is taxed, both by the state and the federal government. Hopefully, in retirement you will be in a lower tax bracket and, consequently, pay less in taxes.
Tax-free: refers to a Roth IRA where money grows without paying taxes each year and is distributed without being taxed. Actually, the money contributed to most Roth IRA's is money on which you have already paid taxes; it is the earnings (growth) that are tax-free.
Be $ smart. Know your tax rate. Learn about the impact of taxes on your investments.
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